AI Legal Cases

GEMA v. OpenAI

Landgericht München I (Munich Regional Court I), Germany · Docket 42 O 14139/24

Appellate Phase

Court
Landgericht München I (Munich Regional Court I), Germany
Docket
42 O 14139/24
Filed
November 13, 2024
Category
Copyright
Plaintiffs
GEMA (German music rights collecting society)
Defendants
OpenAI
Current status
First-instance ruling for GEMA November 11, 2025; OpenAI appealing

Latest development · November 11, 2025

The Munich court held that ChatGPT's memorization and reproduction of nine German song lyrics infringed copyright and that the EU text-and-data-mining exception did not cover it. First-instance only; OpenAI has said it will appeal.

Executive summary

Europe's first major AI copyright merits ruling. The court found model memorization of lyrics constitutes reproduction, and that the TDM exception does not shelter generative training that yields protected outputs.

Why it matters

The EU counterweight to U.S. fair use: if it stands on appeal, training and output liability in Europe diverges sharply from the American cases, and every multinational deployment inherits that split.

Models, datasets, and materials at issue

Target models

  • ChatGPT
  • GPT-4

Disputed datasets

  • Web-scraped lyrics corpora (alleged)

Materials at issue

German song lyrics (nine compositions at issue)

Facts on this page were last verified against the docket on July 30, 2026. See how we track these cases, or return to all tracked cases.

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